Where the nurse is planning to obtain blood for arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis from a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the nurse should plan time for the following activities after the arterial blood specimen is drawn: "Applying pressure to the puncture site by applying a 2 × 2 gauze for 5 minutes." (Option 3)
An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is a test that measures the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the blood. It also indicates the acidity (pH) of the blood. ABG analysis is usually done by drawing blood from an artery, such as the radial artery in the wrist. Arteries have a higher blood pressure than veins, so bleeding from an arterial puncture can be more difficult to stop.
Therefore, the nurse should apply firm pressure to the puncture site with a sterile gauze pad for at least 5 minutes, or until the bleeding stops. The nurse should also check the pulse distal to the puncture site to ensure adequate blood flow.
Holding a warm compress over the puncture site for 5 minutes is not recommended, as it may increase bleeding and swelling. Encouraging the client to open and close the hand rapidly for 2 minutes is also not advised, as it may increase blood pressure and bleeding.
Having the client keep the radial pulse puncture site in a dependent position for 5 minutes is not necessary, as it may impair blood circulation and cause discomfort.
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