The causing difference in the two shapes is a standard explanation.
For bent vs linear, linear is a straight line with bond angles of 180 degrees. This only occurs when there are no lone pairs to cause repulsion. When there are lone pairs, then the molecule will be bent because the lone pairs cause the bonded elements to move away from the electrons.
Bent = Linear but bent due to the Lone Pairs that it contains, the more Lone Pairs the greater the bent and the smaller the degree.
If you have a lone pair of electrons you know the molecule is bent. In the case of water, there are two bonds connecting to H, but there are also two lone pairs pushing the two bonds, creating a bent shape rather than a straight line.
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