Near the earth's surface, clay minerals are created as byproducts of low-temperature chemical weathering reactions.
Which of the statements below is true?
- Clay minerals have hydrogen and oxygen in the form of hydroxyl (for instance, kaolinite has the following chemical makeup:Al2Si2O5[OH]4If kaolinite is heated above 550–600 C, a series of chemical reactions occur that use the clay as a reactant and result in the production of water and other minerals as products.
- Due to the recrystallization that occurs as a result of the clay's dehydration, the results of this relatively low-temperature treatment can be stronger and more moisture resistant than the raw material, though not as strong and impervious as those made by fire at higher temperatures.
- Chemical processes that result in anhydrous alumina and silica oxide drive out more water at temperatures of 1000 C and higher.Diffusion transport required for sintering at grain boundaries (and even through crystals) can become considerable at high temperatures.
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