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Infective endocarditis has traditionally been linked to rheumatic heart disease as a risk factor. Despite the fact that patients with acute rheumatic fever (ARF) frequently have valvulitis, the established valve dysfunction following the initial episode of ARF is typically regarded as a risk factor for IE.
Rheumatic heart disease, which commonly affects the mitral valve, is a complication of rheumatic fever and is characterized by deforming valvular fibrosis. In contrast, infectious endocarditis results in vegetations comprised of thrombotic debris and microorganisms that are frequently connected to the deterioration of underlying heart tissues. Either the mural endocardium or the cardiac valves are affected. The primary difference between the two diseases is that rheumatic heart disease develops with an autoimmune component, as opposed to infectious endocarditis, which only results from infectious pathogens.
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