The blue spheres are nitrogen atoms in their oxidation states, whereas the red spheres are oxygen atoms. This means that the charge must be calculated by adding the oxidation number of the nitrogen atom and the total of the oxidation states of the oxygen atoms.
what is red spheres and the blue spheres?
The oxidation state of nitrogen ranges from 3 to +5. It is in the oxidation states of 3 for ammonia (NH3) and 5 for dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5). Despite having a +5 oxidation state, nitrogen does not produce pentahalide. Fluorine has a lower electron gain enthalpy with a negative sign than chlorine. In the ozone molecule, the two oxygen-oxygen bond lengths are the same.
The oxidation state of nitrogen is +3 in nitrous acid HNO2 and nitrous oxide N2O3, a dark blue liquid with acidic characteristics.
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