RNA molecules are single-stranded but they commonly form localized secondary structures by base pairing between regions of the molecule.
RNA is normally a biopolymer with a single strand. The ribonucleotide chain is folded into complex structural forms with bulges and helices as a result of intrachain base-pairing and the presence of self-complementary sequences in the RNA strand.
As a result of the ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases' ability to be modified in a variety of ways by cellular enzymes that attach chemical groups (such as methyl groups) to the chain, the three-dimensional structure of RNA is essential to its stability and function.
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