1) In aerobic respiration the majority of energy is conserved for ATP synthesis by feeding NADH into the electron transport chain: During this process, NADH is oxidized to NAD and Oz is reduced to HzO. Diagram an electron transport chain leading from NADH to Oz that clearly indicates how energy is conserved in this process. Be sure to include the names of enzymes and clearly show the fate of the protons and electrons produced and consumed by these reactions_ 2) In very general terms there are two kinds of electron carriers used in living organisms a) What are they? b) Why is this important? c) Name at least two of each type_ 3) In E. coli the oxidation of NADH coupled to the reduction of O2 usually allows translocation of 8 protons_ a) The actual number of protons translocated ranges from 2 to 8. What enzyme(s) accounts for this difference? Why is the number of protons different? b) In Pseudomonas species 10 protons are translocated during the same process. What enzyme accounts for this difference? How is this difference achieved? 4) In aerobic respiration the majority of energy is conserved for ATP synthesis by feeding NADH into the electron transport chain: During this process, NADH is oxidized to NAD and Oz is reduced to HzO. a) How much energy (ie_AG) is available from the oxidation of NADH coupled to the reduction of 02? b) In one sentence describe how the energy conserved in electron transport converted into ATP? 5) In organism "X "the number of ATP produced per NADH oxidized is 2, while in organism "Y the number is 3. a) Assuming that NADH oxidation in organism "X" results in the translocation of 8 protons, and translocation of 10 protons in organism "Y what accounts for the difference in ATP yield between the two organisms? Your answer must include a molecular explanation of ATP synthesis that numerically accounts for the difference_ b) If 45 kJlmol are required to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi, what is the magnitude of the proton motive force (AP or PMF) required for ATP