The bond order for both H2+ and H2− is the same but H2+ is more stable than H2− due to the absence of electrons in the anti-bonding orbital.
Electrons that spend most of their time between the nuclei of two atoms are placed into the bonding orbitals, and electrons that spend most of their time outside the nuclei of two atoms are placed into antibonding orbitals.
In chemical bonding theory, an antibonding orbital is a type of molecular orbital that weakens the chemical bond between two atoms and helps to raise the energy of the molecule relative to the separated atoms. Such an orbital has one or more nodes in the bonding region between the nuclei.
Furthermore, the bonding electron is the electrons that stick together and fall in the lowest state. While anti-bonding electron is unbounded or free electrons that move to the higher orbital state.
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