The entire question mentions the Exchange market for the Australian dollar and the US dollar.
1) When U.S. consumers experience an increase in income, demand for the Australian dollar will increase. As a result, the Australian dollar will appreciate a rise in the income of Us consumers. It mentions that the demand for imports from Australia will increase at a higher rate.
2)When there is an increased preference among Australian consumers for U.S produced cars. Demand for the Australian dollar will decrease as only US dollars will get you US produced cars.
3)Consumers and firms in the United States expect the exchange rate to fall next month, if this happens, the demand for US dollars will increase as things will become cheaper which eventually causes the demand for the Australian dollar to decrease.
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