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Sagot :
Eukaryotic cell types of cells are affected most by telomere shortening.
Prokaryotic cells do not have telomeres because they have circular DNA molecules as chromosomes, unlike Eukaryotes.
Repetitive sequence at the end of chromsomes are called telomeres. They are present to prevent the loss of genes.Because telomeres feature single-stranded overhangs that "look like" damaged DNA, they must be shielded from a cell's DNA repair processes.
The chromosome's overhang at the lagging strand end is caused by imperfect end replication . Enzymes that break away part of the DNA create the overhang at the leading strand end of the chromosome.
The single-stranded overhangs in some species (including humans) attach to complementary repeats in surrounding double-stranded DNA, leading the telomere ends to form protective loops. Telomere ends are also protected by proteins linked with them, which prevent them from starting DNA repair processes.
The repeats that make up a telomere are slowly eaten away over many division cycles, providing a buffer that protects the genes located within the core chromosome sections (at least, for some period of time). Telomere shortening has been linked to cell ageing, and the gradual loss of telomeres could explain why cells can only divide so many times.Hence telomere shortening affects the Eukaryotic cell.
Hence, the correct option is A.
To know more about telomers here
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