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why should it take significantly more energy to move a beam of alpha particles than a beam of beta minus particles

Sagot :

AL2006

An 'alpha particle' is the same thing as the nucleus of a helium atom ...
a little bundle made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons.

A 'beta' particle is an electron.

The mass of an alpha particle is more than 7,000 times the mass of
an electron, so it certainly takes more energy to get it moving.