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Sagot :
Answer:
The actual carrying out, or implementation, of foreign policy falls to the State Department.
Explanation:
The State Department was established in 1789 as the first department of the US government. The American constitution of 1787 gave the president direct authority to maintain relations with other nations. However, on July 21, 1789, the Congress decided to establish a Department of Foreign Affairs with Thomas Jefferson as minister.
The name was changed to Department of State in September 1789. The powers of the department were also extended with various domestic tasks, including the censuses, the currency and the management of the United States big seal. The majority of these tasks were later transferred to other ministries.
The current duties of the State Department include:
-Managing the American embassies and consulates and corps of diplomats
-Protecting US citizens abroad
-Assisting American companies in the international market
-Coordinate the international activities of other US government departments
The actual implementation of the foreign policy comes under the purview of the Executive Agencies. The Constitution of the United States has been carefully structured to regulate the formulation of foreign policy through several agencies of the executive. The Constitution empowers the President of the United States to dictate foreign policy and implement them, to form alliances and declare war. However, the powers of the President are limited in this aspect to prevent him from committing any abuse of his powers. The Executive Agencies comprise of the Department of Homeland Security, Economic Council, National Security Council, to name a few among many others, who aid and assist the President in legislating and implementing foreign policy. The ambassadors of the United States to various other nations are appointed by the President with the Secretary of the State playing an advisory role in this regard.
Further Explanation:
Although the legislation of foreign policy is done by the President and his executive agencies, the ratification falls under Congress purview. The U.S. Congress had reverted back a foreign policy made by a President was during the end of the First World War, when the United States Senate vetoed President Wilson’s 14 points and his declaration of forming a collective security organization to prevent any further world wars and to solve disputes in a non-violent manner. Congress has vast executive and military powers and it can control and regulate the military budget, which gives it the upper hand to formulate negotiations with the other nations. However, this does not mean that the President has only de jure powers. The President is empowered to appoint the ambassadors to the various countries who negotiate foreign policy on the behalf of the United States and to their benefit. He also appoints the U.S. Secretary of State, who is the primary conductor of foreign alliances and diplomatic relations between the United States and other nations. Congress has the power to advise the President with regard to these appointments.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: The U.S. Executive
Subject: Political Science
Keywords:
Congress, military policy, foreign policy, checks and balances, Powers of the President, supreme commander of forces, foreign treaties, alliances, negotiations.
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