a. realism
Realism in art tries to represent and portray objects as objective as possible. Realism is an artistic movement, usually considered to last from 1848, until 1870, seeking to express reality objectively. It had influences mainly in the Visual arts but it extended to literature as well. Paintings, sculpture and other iconical representations reflect abandoning the values of romantics and have great regard for the direct observation of nature and details present reality.
Realism appeals to portraying the natural causes and portrays things as seen. Rather than referring to "idealistic values", romantic themes, or imagining an esthetical approach in art, the artists represent daily life or the "mundane" properties of anything.
See some examples:
