A student is interested in whether
students who study with music playing devote as much

attention to their studies as do students
who study under quiet conditions (he believes that

studying under quiet conditions leads
to better attention). He rando~ assigns participants

to either the music or no-music condition
and has them read and study the same passage

of information for the
same amount of time.

Subjects are given the same 10-item
test on the material. Their scores appear next. Scores on

the test represent interval-ratio
data and are normally_distributed.