Ecological succession explains the process of change in ecological communities over time, with primary and secondary succession being key concepts.
Ecological succession refers to the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. Primary succession occurs in environments where no soil initially exists, like on bare rock, while secondary succession occurs in areas where there is soil present after a disturbance.
The main difference between primary and secondary succession is that primary succession starts in a virtually lifeless area, whereas secondary succession begins in areas where an existing community has been disrupted.
Two examples of habitats that undergo primary succession are lava fields and retreating glaciers, where pioneer species like lichens and mosses colonize the barren landscape.
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