Primary and secondary reinforcers play essential roles in behavior and learning processes.
Primary reinforcers are stimuli like water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch that have innate reinforcing qualities. They are not learned and can drive behavior. On the other hand, secondary reinforcers are neutral events associated with primary reinforcers through conditioning, like money or a whistle becoming reinforcing.
Behaviors are reinforced through different types of reinforcers. For instance, Skinner's rats learned to press a lever when rewarded with food. Reinforcers can be intrinsic (primary) or extrinsic (secondary), such as praise, stickers, or money, influencing behavior.
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