Al and his buddies were hanging out drinking after work one night. After many beers, Al thought it would be funny to remove the "one-way" sign from a highway off-ramp. Several minutes later, a car full of people from out of town drove up the ramp and onto the highway, traveling the wrong way. At the same time a large truck, traveling in the correct direction, struck the car head-on. As a result, all the people in the car were killed. Al should be charged with: