Scientists utilized the DNA base sequence to find insulin's amino acid sequence, leading to the creation of genetically engineered human insulin in bacteria.
Scientists used the DNA base sequence to find insulin's amino acid sequence as a step in the process to identify the gene that makes human insulin. By determining the DNA sequence, scientists could decode the amino acid sequence of insulin, crucial for producing human insulin through genetic engineering.
Genetically engineered insulin, called humulin, involves inserting the human insulin gene into a plasmid extracted from bacteria or yeast cells. This creates a modified plasmid that, when introduced into bacterial cells, allows for the production of insulin identical to the human hormone.
The use of molecular cloning enabled researchers to produce recombinant insulin in large quantities, safely and efficiently, by expressing the human insulin gene in E. coli. This method revolutionized insulin production and allowed for the creation of specialized insulin variants to suit different needs.
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