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Given that [tex]\(M + N = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(M - N = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex], matrix [tex]\(N\)[/tex] is:

a) [tex]\(\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 1 \\ \frac{3}{2} & 2 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex]
b) [tex]\(\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ \frac{3}{2} & 2 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex]
c) [tex]\(\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ \frac{3}{2} & 2 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex]
d) [tex]\(\begin{pmatrix} 1 & \frac{3}{2} \\ 0 & 2 \end{pmatrix}\)[/tex]

Sagot :

Para resolver a equação matricial dado que [tex]\( M + N = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \)[/tex] e [tex]\( M - N = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \)[/tex], primeiro precisamos encontrar as expressões para [tex]\( M \)[/tex] e [tex]\( N \)[/tex].

Soma e subtração de matrizes podem ser manipuladas da seguinte forma:
1. Somar as duas equações originais para encontrar [tex]\( M \)[/tex].
2. Subtrair a segunda equação da primeira para encontrar [tex]\( N \)[/tex].

Primeiro, somamos as duas equações:
[tex]\[ (M + N) + (M - N) = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 2M = \begin{pmatrix} 1+1 & 2+0 \\ 3+0 & 4+0 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]
Dividindo ambos os lados por 2:
[tex]\[ M = \frac{1}{2} \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 1 \\ 1.5 & 2 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]

Agora subtraímos a segunda equação da primeira:
[tex]\[ (M + N) - (M - N) = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} - \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 2N = \begin{pmatrix} 1-1 & 2-0 \\ 3-0 & 4-0 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]
Dividindo ambos os lados por 2:
[tex]\[ N = \frac{1}{2} \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1.5 & 2 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]

Assim, a matriz [tex]\( N \)[/tex] é:
[tex]\[ N = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1.5 & 2 \end{pmatrix} \][/tex]

Portanto, a resposta correta é:
c) [tex]\( \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1.5 & 2 \end{pmatrix} \)[/tex]
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