Final answer:
Plessy v. Ferguson was a crucial case allowing racial segregation under 'separate but equal,' deemed not in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause until overruled in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
Explanation:
Plessy v. Ferguson was a landmark 1896 Supreme Court case that endorsed separate but equal racial segregation, ruling it did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Despite arguments by Homer Plessy that the law infringed on his rights, the court's decision upheld segregation until it was overturned in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
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