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Which of the following statements best describes the process of fragmentation as it relates to litter decomposition?
a. Breakdown of organic residues that results in the release of energy, nutrients, and carbon dioxide
b. Soluble matter is removed from litter by water
c. Biochemical breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules through microbial metabolism
d. Physical breakdown into smaller pieces by the activity of decomposers and by abioticfactors