To determine which of these stars are located north of the celestial equator, we need to look at their declinations. The celestial equator is an imaginary line in the sky directly above the Earth's equator. A star is said to be north of the celestial equator if its declination is greater than 0 degrees.
Let's analyze the declinations provided in the table for each star:
1. Canopus: [tex]\( -52^{\circ} \)[/tex]
- This declination is negative, meaning Canopus is south of the celestial equator.
2. Spica: [tex]\( -11^{\circ} \)[/tex]
- This declination is also negative, indicating that Spica is south of the celestial equator.
3. Deneb: [tex]\( +45^{\circ} \)[/tex]
- This declination is positive, which means Deneb is north of the celestial equator.
4. Castor: [tex]\( +31^{\circ} \)[/tex]
- This declination is positive, indicating that Castor is north of the celestial equator.
Based on this analysis, the stars that are located north of the celestial equator are Deneb and Castor.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
- Deneb and Castor
