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Sagot :
To solve this problem, we need to follow several steps. Let's break it down step-by-step.
### Initial Information
1. Initial ratio of cats to dogs: 2:5
2. Number of cats initially: 10
From the given ratio, we can determine the number of initial dogs.
### Step 1: Calculate the Initial Number of Dogs
Since the ratio of cats to dogs is 2:5 and there are 10 cats, we can set up a proportion to find the initial number of dogs:
[tex]\[ \frac{\text{Number of cats}}{\text{Number of dogs}} = \frac{2}{5} \implies \frac{10}{\text{Number of dogs}} = \frac{2}{5} \][/tex]
Cross-multiplying to solve for the number of dogs:
[tex]\[ 10 \times 5 = 2 \times (\text{Number of dogs}) \implies 50 = 2 \times (\text{Number of dogs}) \implies \text{Number of dogs} = \frac{50}{2} = 25 \][/tex]
So, initially, there are:
- 10 cats
- 25 dogs
### Step 2: Calculate the Initial Total Number of Animals
The initial total number of animals is:
[tex]\[ \text{Total initial animals} = \text{Number of cats} + \text{Number of dogs} = 10 + 25 = 35 \][/tex]
### Step 3: New Ratio and Additional Animals
After some new animals arrive, the ratio of cats to dogs changes to 5:3. Let [tex]\( x \)[/tex] be the number of new animals that arrived.
Now, we need to express the new number of cats and dogs in terms of this new ratio. Let’s use the variable [tex]\( y \)[/tex] to represent the new total number of animals.
### Step 4: Set Up the Equation for the New Ratio
The total number of animals after the new arrivals is:
[tex]\[ y = 35 + x \][/tex]
According to the new ratio 5:3, we can express:
[tex]\[ \frac{\text{New number of cats}}{\text{New number of dogs}} = \frac{5}{3} \][/tex]
Since the total number of cats and dogs is part of the new ratio:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = \frac{5}{8}y \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = \frac{3}{8}y \][/tex]
But we know that:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = 10 \text{ (initial cats)} + c \text{ (added cats)} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = 25 \text{ (initial dogs)} + d \text{ (added dogs)} \][/tex]
Since all new animals added should satisfy the ratio:
[tex]\[ c + d = x \][/tex]
### Step 5: Use the New Ratio to Solve for [tex]\( x \)[/tex]
Since the new total number of animals [tex]\( y = 35 + x \)[/tex] and according to the new ratio:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
We know the initial counts:
[tex]\[ 10 + c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 25 + d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
Since [tex]\( c + d = x \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ 10 + c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \implies c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) - 10 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 25 + d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \implies d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) - 25 \][/tex]
Adding [tex]\( c \)[/tex] and [tex]\( d \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ c + d = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) - 10 + \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) - 25 = x \][/tex]
Combine and simplify:
[tex]\[ \frac{8}{8}(35 + x) - 10 - 25 = x \implies 35 + x - 35 = x \][/tex]
There's no contradiction, so we consider all new animals as cats or all as dogs working minimally for given conditions like [tex]\( x \)[/tex], making a likely next integer being incremented and thus simplest form reconciliation processed.
So minimizing [tex]\( x \)[/tex] involves satisfying ratio integrity or simplest incremental reasoning as:
[tex]\[ x = 40 multiple~factor of required appropriate ratio alignment \][/tex]
Thus, the smallest number of new animals having arrived must be:
### Final Answer:
[tex]\[ 40~animals \][/tex]
### Initial Information
1. Initial ratio of cats to dogs: 2:5
2. Number of cats initially: 10
From the given ratio, we can determine the number of initial dogs.
### Step 1: Calculate the Initial Number of Dogs
Since the ratio of cats to dogs is 2:5 and there are 10 cats, we can set up a proportion to find the initial number of dogs:
[tex]\[ \frac{\text{Number of cats}}{\text{Number of dogs}} = \frac{2}{5} \implies \frac{10}{\text{Number of dogs}} = \frac{2}{5} \][/tex]
Cross-multiplying to solve for the number of dogs:
[tex]\[ 10 \times 5 = 2 \times (\text{Number of dogs}) \implies 50 = 2 \times (\text{Number of dogs}) \implies \text{Number of dogs} = \frac{50}{2} = 25 \][/tex]
So, initially, there are:
- 10 cats
- 25 dogs
### Step 2: Calculate the Initial Total Number of Animals
The initial total number of animals is:
[tex]\[ \text{Total initial animals} = \text{Number of cats} + \text{Number of dogs} = 10 + 25 = 35 \][/tex]
### Step 3: New Ratio and Additional Animals
After some new animals arrive, the ratio of cats to dogs changes to 5:3. Let [tex]\( x \)[/tex] be the number of new animals that arrived.
Now, we need to express the new number of cats and dogs in terms of this new ratio. Let’s use the variable [tex]\( y \)[/tex] to represent the new total number of animals.
### Step 4: Set Up the Equation for the New Ratio
The total number of animals after the new arrivals is:
[tex]\[ y = 35 + x \][/tex]
According to the new ratio 5:3, we can express:
[tex]\[ \frac{\text{New number of cats}}{\text{New number of dogs}} = \frac{5}{3} \][/tex]
Since the total number of cats and dogs is part of the new ratio:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = \frac{5}{8}y \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = \frac{3}{8}y \][/tex]
But we know that:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = 10 \text{ (initial cats)} + c \text{ (added cats)} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = 25 \text{ (initial dogs)} + d \text{ (added dogs)} \][/tex]
Since all new animals added should satisfy the ratio:
[tex]\[ c + d = x \][/tex]
### Step 5: Use the New Ratio to Solve for [tex]\( x \)[/tex]
Since the new total number of animals [tex]\( y = 35 + x \)[/tex] and according to the new ratio:
[tex]\[ \text{New number of cats} = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{New number of dogs} = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
We know the initial counts:
[tex]\[ 10 + c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 25 + d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \][/tex]
Since [tex]\( c + d = x \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ 10 + c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) \implies c = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) - 10 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 25 + d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) \implies d = \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) - 25 \][/tex]
Adding [tex]\( c \)[/tex] and [tex]\( d \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ c + d = \frac{5}{8}(35 + x) - 10 + \frac{3}{8}(35 + x) - 25 = x \][/tex]
Combine and simplify:
[tex]\[ \frac{8}{8}(35 + x) - 10 - 25 = x \implies 35 + x - 35 = x \][/tex]
There's no contradiction, so we consider all new animals as cats or all as dogs working minimally for given conditions like [tex]\( x \)[/tex], making a likely next integer being incremented and thus simplest form reconciliation processed.
So minimizing [tex]\( x \)[/tex] involves satisfying ratio integrity or simplest incremental reasoning as:
[tex]\[ x = 40 multiple~factor of required appropriate ratio alignment \][/tex]
Thus, the smallest number of new animals having arrived must be:
### Final Answer:
[tex]\[ 40~animals \][/tex]
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