To identify the variables in Gay-Lussac's law, we need to understand the principle it describes. Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas held at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
Essentially, the law relates the pressure and temperature of a gas, given that the volume remains constant.
Here is the step-by-step reasoning:
1. Law Description: Gay-Lussac's law is described by the equation [tex]\( \frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2} \)[/tex], where:
- [tex]\(P_1\)[/tex] and [tex]\(P_2\)[/tex] are the initial and final pressures of the gas.
- [tex]\(T_1\)[/tex] and [tex]\(T_2\)[/tex] are the initial and final absolute temperatures of the gas.
2. Variables and Constants:
- Variables: These are the quantities that can change. In this law, the variables are pressure ([tex]\(P\)[/tex]) and temperature ([tex]\(T\)[/tex]).
- Constants: The volume of the gas remains constant (even though it is not part of the equation, it is implied to be constant for the law to hold), as well as the number of moles (amount) of gas.
Based on the law and the explanation:
The variables in Gay-Lussac's law are:
- Pressure
- Temperature
So, the correct answer is:
Pressure and temperature
### Final Answer
The variables in Gay-Lussac's law are pressure and temperature.
