Therapists working with patients use case study research, naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in natural settings, and surveys gather data by questioning individuals.
Case study is the type of research approach where a therapist works with a patient over an extended period of time, like Sigmund Freud did with his clients to develop his theory of human personality. This method allows for an in-depth understanding of individual cases but may lack generalizability to the larger population.
Naturalistic observation, also known as observational studies, involves observing behavior in natural settings without intervention. For example, a biopsychologist watching animals in their natural habitats uses this method to collect valid and true-to-life information.
Survey is another type of research method used to gather data by questioning a sample of individuals about their thoughts, opinions, or behaviors. Surveys are often used in social sciences to understand trends and attitudes in a population.
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