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The isosceles triangle has a perimeter of 7.5 m.

Which equation can be used to find the value of [tex]\(x\)[/tex] if the shortest side, [tex]\(y\)[/tex], measures 2.1 m?

A. [tex]\(2x - 2.1 = 7.5\)[/tex]
B. [tex]\(4.2 + y = 7.5\)[/tex]
C. [tex]\(y - 4.2 = 7.5\)[/tex]
D. [tex]\(2.1 + 2x = 7.5\)[/tex]

Sagot :

Let's solve the problem step-by-step to determine which equation can be used to find the value of [tex]\( x \)[/tex] for the given isosceles triangle.

1. Identify the given values and what they represent:
- Perimeter of the isosceles triangle: [tex]\( 7.5 \)[/tex] meters.
- Shortest side [tex]\( y \)[/tex]: [tex]\( 2.1 \)[/tex] meters.

2. Understand the properties of an isosceles triangle:
- An isosceles triangle has two sides of equal length, and the third side (base) may be different.
- Let's denote the lengths of the two equal sides as [tex]\( x \)[/tex].

3. Write the perimeter equation:
- The perimeter [tex]\( P \)[/tex] of a triangle is the sum of all its sides.
- In this case: [tex]\( P = x + x + y \)[/tex].
- Substituting the given perimeter and shortest side:
[tex]\[ 7.5 = x + x + 2.1 \][/tex]

4. Simplify the equation:
- Combine like terms (the two [tex]\( x \)[/tex] terms):
[tex]\[ 7.5 = 2x + 2.1 \][/tex]

5. Rearrange the equation to isolate [tex]\( x \)[/tex]:
- Subtract [tex]\( 2.1 \)[/tex] from both sides to isolate the term involving [tex]\( x \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ 7.5 - 2.1 = 2x \][/tex]

6. Simplified equation:
- This simplifies to:
[tex]\[ 2x = 5.4 \][/tex]
- While this is a crucial step in solving for [tex]\( x \)[/tex], the equation we need is before this step right after substituting given values:
[tex]\[ 2.1 + 2x = 7.5 \][/tex]

7. Check the choices given:

- [tex]\( 2x - 2.1 = 7.5 \)[/tex] is not correct since it doesn't correctly reformulate the perimeter equation.
- [tex]\( 4.2 + y = 7.5 \)[/tex] does not involve [tex]\( x \)[/tex] and is irrelevant.
- [tex]\( v - 4.2 = 7.5 \)[/tex] has incorrect symbols and does not align with the given question context.
- [tex]\( 2.1 + 2x = 7.5 \)[/tex] is indeed correct as shown in our steps.

Therefore, the equation to find the value of [tex]\( x \)[/tex] given that the shortest side [tex]\( y \)[/tex] measures [tex]\( 2.1 \)[/tex] meters and the perimeter is [tex]\( 7.5 \)[/tex] meters is:

[tex]\[ 2.1 + 2x = 7.5 \][/tex]
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