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1. Explica de dónde procede la carga eléctrica de los cuerpos. ¿Por qué unos cuerpos se cargan positivamente y otros negativamente?

2. Probablemente habrás observado que al peinarte tu peine atrae algunos cabellos. Interpreta este hecho.

3. Describe varios ejemplos de procesos físicos que pongan de manifiesto el principio de conservación de la carga eléctrica.

4. Responde:
a. ¿Cuántos electrones equivalen a una carga de -39 C?
b. ¿Cuántos culombios equivalen a una carga de 4 x 10^20 electrones?

5. Además del frotamiento, existe otro tipo de electrización denominado inducción electrostática. Investiga en qué consiste y redacta un informe.

6. Investiga por qué algunos camiones que transportan productos inflamables arrastran una cadena metálica.


Sagot :

Final answer:

Electric charge comes from excess or deficient electrons, leading to positive or negative charges on bodies. Static electricity is observed when charged objects attract or repel due to electron transfer. Examples like charging by friction showcase the conservation of electric charge.


Explanation:

Electric Charge of Bodies: The electric charge of bodies originates from the presence of excess electrons (negative charge) or deficiency of electrons (positive charge). Objects become positively or negatively charged based on the transfer of electrons.

Observation of Static Electricity: When you comb your hair, the comb gains electrons from your hair, giving it a negative charge and causing it to attract positively charged hairs due to electrostatic forces.

Examples of Charge Conservation: Processes like charging by friction, contact, and induction demonstrate the principle of conservation of electric charge.


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