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Sagot :
Alright, let's complete the student guide step-by-step based on the provided predictions and results.
### Step 1: Predict and Confirm the Offspring of Two Mice Homozygous for Black Fur
1. Phenotypes and Predictions:
- Phenotype: Observable physical traits, in this case, black fur and white fur for the mice.
- The two parent mice are homozygous for black fur (BB). This means both parents carry two copies of the gene for black fur.
2. Predicted Percentage:
- Since both parents are homozygous (BB), they can only pass on the B gene to their offspring.
- Therefore, all offspring will inherit BB, resulting in black fur.
Filling the predicted percentages in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & & \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
3. Simulated Numbers:
- After conducting a simulation (or experiment), we determine the actual number of offspring with each phenotype.
- In this case, we observed:
- Number of offspring with Black Fur: 85
- Number of offspring with White Fur: 0
Filling the simulated numbers in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
4. Simulated Percentages:
- To find each percentage, divide the number of offspring with a specific phenotype by the total number of offspring, then multiply by 100.
- Total offspring = 85 (black) + 0 (white) = 85
- Simulated Percentage of Black Fur: (85 / 85) 100 = 100.0%
- Simulated Percentage of White Fur: (0 / 85) 100 = 0.0%
Filling the simulated percentages in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular]{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
5. Comparison Statement:
Considering both the predicted and simulated results:
Comparison Statement:
"The predicted and simulated percentages are close, confirming the genetic prediction."
And therefore our complete table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
This exercise demonstrates how predicted genetic outcomes can be verified through simulation or experiments, confirming our understanding of Mendelian inheritance.
### Step 1: Predict and Confirm the Offspring of Two Mice Homozygous for Black Fur
1. Phenotypes and Predictions:
- Phenotype: Observable physical traits, in this case, black fur and white fur for the mice.
- The two parent mice are homozygous for black fur (BB). This means both parents carry two copies of the gene for black fur.
2. Predicted Percentage:
- Since both parents are homozygous (BB), they can only pass on the B gene to their offspring.
- Therefore, all offspring will inherit BB, resulting in black fur.
Filling the predicted percentages in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & & \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
3. Simulated Numbers:
- After conducting a simulation (or experiment), we determine the actual number of offspring with each phenotype.
- In this case, we observed:
- Number of offspring with Black Fur: 85
- Number of offspring with White Fur: 0
Filling the simulated numbers in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
4. Simulated Percentages:
- To find each percentage, divide the number of offspring with a specific phenotype by the total number of offspring, then multiply by 100.
- Total offspring = 85 (black) + 0 (white) = 85
- Simulated Percentage of Black Fur: (85 / 85) 100 = 100.0%
- Simulated Percentage of White Fur: (0 / 85) 100 = 0.0%
Filling the simulated percentages in the table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular]{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
5. Comparison Statement:
Considering both the predicted and simulated results:
Comparison Statement:
"The predicted and simulated percentages are close, confirming the genetic prediction."
And therefore our complete table:
\begin{tabular}{|r||l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{[tex]$\mid$[/tex]} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{ Phenotypes } \\
\hline & Black Fur & White Fur \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Predicted \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Number
\end{tabular} & 85 & 0 \\
\hline \begin{tabular}{r}
Simulated \\
Percentage
\end{tabular} & 100.0 & 0.0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
This exercise demonstrates how predicted genetic outcomes can be verified through simulation or experiments, confirming our understanding of Mendelian inheritance.
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