To address the question about the types of bacteria, their shapes, and associated diseases, consider the following steps:
1. Identify the Matching Pairs:
The table provided outlines different bacterial forms, their shapes, and associated diseases. We need to complete the descriptions for variables [tex]\( X \)[/tex] (shape of Coccus) and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] (disease associated with Bacillus).
2. Understanding Bacterial Forms and Shapes:
- Coccus: These are spherical-shaped bacteria.
- Bacillus: These are rod-shaped bacteria.
- Spirillum: These are spiral-shaped bacteria.
3. Associated Diseases:
- Coccus: Commonly associated with Strep throat among other diseases.
- Bacillus: Often, the genus Bacillus can include species like Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), but there are various rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli).
- Spirillum: Usually associated with diseases such as Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, which has a spiral shape.
4. Given Variables [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex]:
- For [tex]\( X \)[/tex]:
The Coccus form of bacteria is spherical. Hence, [tex]\( X \)[/tex] refers to 'Spherical'.
- For [tex]\( Y \)[/tex]:
The Bacillus form can cause various diseases, but to fit the given options, E. coli (a rod-shaped bacterium) matches the description well and is commonly recognized.
5. Final Selection:
The best match for [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] from the given options is:
[tex]\( X = \text{Spherical} \)[/tex]
[tex]\( Y = \text{E. coli} \)[/tex]
Thus, the best matched descriptions [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] are: [tex]\( X = \text{Spherical} \; \text{and} \; Y = \text{E. coli} \)[/tex].
