Net primary productivity is the energy available to consumers after deducting metabolic needs, while gross primary productivity is the rate at which producers utilize sun's energy. It highlights the importance of measuring energy flow in ecosystems.
Net primary productivity is the energy that remains in producers after accounting for their metabolic needs and heat loss, available to consumers. On the other hand, gross primary productivity is the rate at which photosynthetic producers incorporate energy from the sun. For example, one gram of plant material yields about 4.25 kcal of energy.
Net primary productivity can vary greatly, from 500 kcal/m²/yr in deserts to 15,000 kcal/m²/yr in tropical rainforests, indicating the different energy efficiencies in various ecosystems.
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