To find the concentration of a saturated solution where 36 grams of sodium chloride are dissolved in 100 grams of water at 293 K, we follow these steps:
1. Understand the Concept of Concentration:
- Concentration is a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a certain amount of solvent or solution.
- For this problem, we'll express concentration as a percentage, which indicates the mass percentage of sodium chloride in the solution.
2. Identify the Masses of the Solute and Solvent:
- The solute (substance being dissolved) is sodium chloride (NaCl).
- The solvent (substance doing the dissolving) is water (H₂O).
3. Given Data:
- Mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) = 36 grams
- Mass of water (H₂O) = 100 grams
4. Calculate the Total Mass of the Solution:
- The total mass of the solution is the sum of the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent.
- Total mass of the solution = Mass of sodium chloride + Mass of water
- Total mass of the solution = 36 grams + 100 grams = 136 grams
5. Formula for Concentration as a Percentage:
- Concentration (percentage) = (Mass of solute / Total mass of solution) × 100
- Here, we plug in the values for the mass of sodium chloride and the total mass of the solution.
6. Perform the Calculation:
- Concentration = (36 grams / 136 grams) × 100
- Concentration = 0.2647058823529412 × 100
- Concentration ≈ 26.47%
So, the concentration of the saturated solution where 36 grams of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100 grams of water at 293 K is approximately 26.47%.
