To determine the correct statement about the solutions based on their pH values, let's first understand the concept of pH:
1. pH Scale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
- A pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution.
- A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution.
- A pH greater than 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution.
Given:
- Solution A: pH = 10
- Solution B: pH = 2
### Step-by-Step Analysis:
1. Determine the Nature of Each Solution:
- Solution A (pH = 10): Since the pH is greater than 7, solution A is basic.
- Solution B (pH = 2): Since the pH is less than 7, solution B is acidic.
2. Evaluate the Concentration of Hydrogen Ions (H⁺):
- The pH is inversely related to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. A lower pH means a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, indicating a stronger acid.
- Solution B (pH = 2) is strongly acidic, meaning it has a high concentration of hydrogen ions.
- Solution A (pH = 10) is basic, meaning it has a relatively low concentration of hydrogen ions compared to solution B.
3. Determine the Correct Statement:
- Option a: "Solution A has a higher concentration than solution B." — This is incorrect because a pH of 10 indicates a lower concentration of hydrogen ions compared to a pH of 2.
- Option b: "Solution A and solution B are both basic." — This is incorrect as solution B is acidic.
- Option c: "Solution B has a higher concentration than solution A." — This is correct because a pH of 2 indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than a pH of 10.
- Option d: "Solution A is acidic." — This is incorrect as solution A is basic.
- Option e: "Solution B is basic." — This is incorrect as solution B is acidic.
Thus, based on the given information and our analysis, the correct statement is:
c. Solution B has a higher concentration than solution A.
