Musicians in the Middle Ages received education at universities and held various roles such as court or church musicians. Composers in that era created religious music. Renaissance instrumental music differed from earlier styles in its characteristics.
In the Middle Ages, musicians often received education at universities where music was studied as one of the seven liberal arts and sciences, specifically as the science of proportions. They would typically hold jobs as court musicians, church musicians, or traveling minstrels, entertaining nobility and common folk alike.
Composers in the Middle Ages created music predominantly for religious purposes, such as Gregorian chants, mass settings, and motets that were performed in churches or for royal events.
Instrumental music from the Renaissance often emphasized clarity, balance, and expressive melodies, with a notable focus on imitating vocal music. Complexity, ornamentation, and harmony were common traits, unlike the more homophonic and straightforward characteristics of earlier periods.
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