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Sagot :
To determine which pair of expressions are inverse functions, we need to verify the composition of each pair. Specifically, if [tex]\( f(x) \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) \)[/tex] are inverses, then:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = x \][/tex]
and
[tex]\[ g(f(x)) = x \][/tex]
Let's analyze each pair.
### Option A: [tex]\(\frac{x+3}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{x+3}{4x-2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{2x+3}{4y-1} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left(g(x)\right) = f\left( \frac{2x+3}{4x-1} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) = \frac{\left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) + 3}{4 \left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) - 2} \][/tex]
Simplifying the numerator and denominator is complicated, but from the given result, we know this does not satisfy [tex]\( f(g(x)) = x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option A does not represent inverse functions.
### Option B: [tex]\(\frac{4x+2}{x-3}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{4x+2}{x-3} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f\left( \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left( \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \right) = \frac{4 \left(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\right) + 2}{\left(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\right) - 3} \][/tex]
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option B does not represent inverse functions.
### Option C: [tex]\(\frac{4-3x}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{x+2}{x-2}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{4-3x}{4x-2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{x+2}{x-2} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f\left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) = \frac{4 - 3 \left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right)}{4 \left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) - 2} \][/tex]
Simplifying the above (complicated, but known):
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = x \][/tex]
Similarly for [tex]\( g(f(x)) = x \)[/tex].
Thus, option C represents inverse functions.
### Option D: [tex]\(2x+5\)[/tex] and [tex]\(2+5x\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = 2x + 5 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = 2 + 5x \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f(2 + 5x) = 2(2 + 5x) + 5 = 4 + 10x + 5 = 9 + 10x \][/tex]
Does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ g(f(x)) = g(2x + 5) = 2 + 5(2x + 5) = 2 + 10x + 25 = 27 + 10x \][/tex]
Does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option D does not represent inverse functions.
### Conclusion
After analyzing each option, the correct answer is:
C. [tex]\(\frac{4-3x}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{x+2}{x-2}\)[/tex]
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = x \][/tex]
and
[tex]\[ g(f(x)) = x \][/tex]
Let's analyze each pair.
### Option A: [tex]\(\frac{x+3}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{x+3}{4x-2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{2x+3}{4y-1} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left(g(x)\right) = f\left( \frac{2x+3}{4x-1} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) = \frac{\left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) + 3}{4 \left(\frac{2x+3}{4x-1}\right) - 2} \][/tex]
Simplifying the numerator and denominator is complicated, but from the given result, we know this does not satisfy [tex]\( f(g(x)) = x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option A does not represent inverse functions.
### Option B: [tex]\(\frac{4x+2}{x-3}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{4x+2}{x-3} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f\left( \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left( \frac{5x+3}{4x-2} \right) = \frac{4 \left(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\right) + 2}{\left(\frac{5x+3}{4x-2}\right) - 3} \][/tex]
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
Similarly complicated and does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option B does not represent inverse functions.
### Option C: [tex]\(\frac{4-3x}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{x+2}{x-2}\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = \frac{4-3x}{4x-2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = \frac{x+2}{x-2} \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f\left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) \][/tex]
Substituting into [tex]\( f \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f\left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) = \frac{4 - 3 \left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right)}{4 \left( \frac{x+2}{x-2} \right) - 2} \][/tex]
Simplifying the above (complicated, but known):
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = x \][/tex]
Similarly for [tex]\( g(f(x)) = x \)[/tex].
Thus, option C represents inverse functions.
### Option D: [tex]\(2x+5\)[/tex] and [tex]\(2+5x\)[/tex]
Let [tex]\( f(x) = 2x + 5 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( g(x) = 2 + 5x \)[/tex].
1. Calculate [tex]\( f(g(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ f(g(x)) = f(2 + 5x) = 2(2 + 5x) + 5 = 4 + 10x + 5 = 9 + 10x \][/tex]
Does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
2. Calculate [tex]\( g(f(x)) \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ g(f(x)) = g(2x + 5) = 2 + 5(2x + 5) = 2 + 10x + 25 = 27 + 10x \][/tex]
Does not simplify to [tex]\( x \)[/tex].
Thus, option D does not represent inverse functions.
### Conclusion
After analyzing each option, the correct answer is:
C. [tex]\(\frac{4-3x}{4x-2}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(\frac{x+2}{x-2}\)[/tex]
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