To determine the correct statements, we need to analyze the genotypes resulting from the given Punnett squares.
First Generation Punnett Square:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
& t & t \\
\hline
T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline
T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline
\end{array}
\][/tex]
From the First Generation Punnett square:
- All offspring have the genotype Tt.
Second Generation Punnett Square:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
& T & t \\
\hline
T & TT & Tt \\
\hline
t & Tt & tt \\
\hline
\end{array}
\][/tex]
From the Second Generation Punnett square:
- The offspring can have the genotypes TT, Tt, or tt.
Analyzing the Statements:
1. Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- Short stems are denoted by the recessive allele (tt). To exhibit the recessive trait, the plant must have two recessive alleles (tt).
- Therefore, plants with short stems (tt) are indeed homozygous for the short stem trait.
2. Plants with tall stems are always homozygous for that trait.
- Tall stems are denoted by the dominant allele (T).
- Tall plants can have genotypes TT (homozygous dominant) or Tt (heterozygous).
- Therefore, it is false to say that plants with tall stems are always homozygous for that trait since they can also be heterozygous (Tt).
Thus, the correct statements are:
- Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
Plants with tall stems are not always homozygous for that trait, so this statement is false.
