Gas particles are far apart and move a lot; in contrast, solid particles vibrate in place. Physical changes allow particles to rearrange without breaking.
Gas: The particles are much farther from each other, usually a farther length than the size of the particles, and move a lot. A gas behaves like a liquid, with particles that are moving but still attracted to each other; therefore, they flow and adapt their volume to the container they are in.
At the microscopic level, everything is in motion. A solid's particles vibrate in place, while a gas's particles fly freely at high speed, continually bumping into each other. The hotter the solid or gas, the more rapid the motion of its particles due to increased energy.
Physical changes allow particles to rearrange without breaking. In cases like evaporation, particles move further apart with increased energy but remain intact. Similarly, in melting ice, particles overcome forces holding them together and move apart, rearranging themselves without breaking.
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