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Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?

A. [tex]\[ Fe_2O_3 + 3CO \longrightarrow 2Fe + 3CO_2 \][/tex]

B. [tex]\[ CuSO_4 + 2NaOH \longrightarrow Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4 \][/tex]

C. [tex]\[ 2NaOH + H_2CO_3 \longrightarrow Na_2CO_3 + 2NaOH \][/tex]

D. [tex]\[ Pb(NO_3)_2 + Na_2SO_4 \longrightarrow 2NaNO_3 + PbSO_4 \][/tex]

Sagot :

GinnyAnswer
To determine which of the given reactions is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, we need to identify changes in the oxidation states of the elements involved. An oxidation-reduction reaction involves the transfer of electrons between species, resulting in changes in oxidation states.

1. Option 1:
[tex]\[ Fe_2O_3 + 3 CO \longrightarrow 2 Fe + 3 CO_2 \][/tex]
In this reaction:
- The oxidation state of Fe in \(Fe_2O_3\) is \(+3\),
- The oxidation state of Fe in the product \(2 Fe\) is \(0\).
This indicates that Fe is reduced (gain of electrons).
- The oxidation state of C in \(CO\) is \(+2\),
- The oxidation state of C in \(CO_2\) is \(+4\).
This indicates that C is oxidized (loss of electrons).

Since there are changes in the oxidation states of Fe and C, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction.

2. Option 2:
[tex]\[ CuSO_4 + 2 NaOH \longrightarrow Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4 \][/tex]
In this reaction, there are no changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements involved. This is a double displacement reaction but not a redox reaction.

3. Option 3:
[tex]\[ 2 NaOH + H_2CO_3 \longrightarrow Na_2CO_3 + 2 H_2O \][/tex]
In this reaction, there are no changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements involved. This is an acid-base neutralization reaction but not a redox reaction.

4. Option 4:
[tex]\[ Pb(NO_3)_2 + Na_2SO_4 \longrightarrow 2 NaNO_3 + PbSO_4 \][/tex]
In this reaction, there are no changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements involved. This is a double displacement reaction but not a redox reaction as well.

Hence, the only oxidation-reduction reaction among the options is:
[tex]\[ Fe_2O_3 + 3 CO \longrightarrow 2 Fe + 3 CO_2 \][/tex]
Thus, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ Fe_2O_3 + 3 CO \longrightarrow 2 Fe + 3 CO_2 \][/tex]
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