Organisms develop in a changing environment by adapting to new traits, leading to genetic changes in the population.
A change in the genetic makeup of an organism leads to a new trait which becomes prevalent in the group.
Many organisms descend from this point and have this trait.
New variations continue to arise: some are adaptive and persist, leading to new traits.
With new traits, a new branch point is determined (go back to step 1 and repeat).
The consequence is that the characteristics of more successful individuals will become more common in the population.
In this way, a population, perhaps subject to different environmental pressures over the areas in which it is found, may gradually split into two and evolve mechanisms that make cross-breeding less likely to preserve those inherited differences that adapt them to their differing environments.
Similarly, when a significant and lasting change occurs in the environment of a population, some individuals, because of the genetic variability in the population, may be better suited than others to the new conditions.
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