Differential association theory, Labeling theory, and Social Control theory explain criminal behavior from different perspectives.
Differential association theory explains that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with individuals who have favorable definitions of breaking the law. When an individual is exposed to more positive attitudes towards law violation than abidance, they are more likely to engage in criminal activities. This theory emphasizes the impact of social interactions and learning from close contacts on the development of criminal behavior.
Labeling theory proposes that individuals labeled as criminals are more likely to continue offending due to the negative self-image and social consequences associated with the label. The theory suggests that the act of labeling plays a significant role in perpetuating criminal behavior by affecting an individual's perception of themselves and their interactions with law-abiding individuals.
Social Control theory focuses on the belief that criminal behavior results from a lack of social control and the absence of deterrents against law violation in an individual's environment. It suggests that strong social bonds and attachment to conventional institutions, such as family and school, reduce the likelihood of engaging in criminal activities.
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