Let's analyze the given Punnett squares and the conditions described:
First Generation:
```
| t | t
--------------
T | Tt | Tt
--------------
T | Tt | Tt
--------------
```
Based on the first generation Punnett square:
- All offspring have the genotype Tt.
- This means all plants have one dominant allele (T) and one recessive allele (t).
- Since T (tall stem) is dominant over t (short stem), all plants will have tall stems.
Second Generation:
```
| T | t
--------------
T | TT | Tt
--------------
t | Tt | tt
--------------
```
Based on the second generation Punnett square:
- 1 out of 4 plants has the genotype TT (homozygous dominant, tall stem).
- 2 out of 4 plants have the genotype Tt (heterozygous, tall stem).
- 1 out of 4 plants has the genotype tt (homozygous recessive, short stem).
From these observations, we can deduce the correct statements:
1. Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- This is true because only plants with the genotype tt (homozygous recessive) have short stems.
2. A plant with the genotype Tt will have a tall stem.
- This is true because T is the dominant allele, and the presence of one T allele (Tt) results in a tall stem.
So, the correct statements based on the Punnett squares are:
- "Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait."
- "A plant with the genotype Tt will have a tall stem."
