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Sagot :
To determine which option leads to the formation of an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex], let's analyze each given option in detail.
1. Attraction of a noble gas:
- Noble gases are known for their very stable electronic configuration. They rarely form ions because they already have a complete outer electron shell. Since they don’t form ions, they do not participate in forming ionic bonds. Therefore, an attraction to a noble gas will not lead to the formation of an ionic bond.
2. Attraction of an [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] ion:
- The [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] ion, also known as the ammonium ion, is a positively charged ion (cation). Ionic bonds are formed between cations and anions (negatively charged ions). Since both [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] are cations, they will repel each other rather than bond ionically. So, this option cannot lead to the formation of an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex].
3. Attraction of a group 1 element:
- Group 1 elements (like sodium, potassium, lithium, etc.) typically lose one electron to form [tex]\( \text{M}^{+} \)[/tex] ions (where M represents a Group 1 element). These ions are again cations. Since [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is also a cation, it will not form an ionic bond with another cation. Therefore, this option is also not suitable for forming an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex].
4. Attraction of an [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion:
- The [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion, typically referred to as the sulfate ion, is a negatively charged ion (anion). Ionic bonds occur between cations and anions through electrostatic attraction. Since [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is a cation, it will attract the [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] anion to form an ionic bond. This is the scenario where an ionic bond will be formed.
Given the analysis above, the correct option that leads to the formation of an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is:
4. The attraction of an [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion.
1. Attraction of a noble gas:
- Noble gases are known for their very stable electronic configuration. They rarely form ions because they already have a complete outer electron shell. Since they don’t form ions, they do not participate in forming ionic bonds. Therefore, an attraction to a noble gas will not lead to the formation of an ionic bond.
2. Attraction of an [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] ion:
- The [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] ion, also known as the ammonium ion, is a positively charged ion (cation). Ionic bonds are formed between cations and anions (negatively charged ions). Since both [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( \text{NH}_4^{+} \)[/tex] are cations, they will repel each other rather than bond ionically. So, this option cannot lead to the formation of an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex].
3. Attraction of a group 1 element:
- Group 1 elements (like sodium, potassium, lithium, etc.) typically lose one electron to form [tex]\( \text{M}^{+} \)[/tex] ions (where M represents a Group 1 element). These ions are again cations. Since [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is also a cation, it will not form an ionic bond with another cation. Therefore, this option is also not suitable for forming an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex].
4. Attraction of an [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion:
- The [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion, typically referred to as the sulfate ion, is a negatively charged ion (anion). Ionic bonds occur between cations and anions through electrostatic attraction. Since [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is a cation, it will attract the [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] anion to form an ionic bond. This is the scenario where an ionic bond will be formed.
Given the analysis above, the correct option that leads to the formation of an ionic bond with [tex]\( \text{Hg}^{2+} \)[/tex] is:
4. The attraction of an [tex]\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)[/tex] ion.
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