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Rolf prepares four solutions using different solutes as shown in the table below.

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline Solution & Preparation & Solubility of the Solutes \\
\hline A & \begin{tabular}{l}
Rolf added 20 g of solute to 100 g \\
of water and mixed the solution.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
The solute in solution A has a \\
solubility of [tex]$37 g / 100 g H_2O$[/tex] at [tex]$20^{\circ} C$[/tex]
\end{tabular} \\
\hline B & \begin{tabular}{l}
Rolf added 10 g of solute to 100 g \\
of water and mixed the solution.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
The solute in solution B has a \\
solubility of [tex]$10 g / 100 g H_2O$[/tex] at [tex]$20^{\circ} C$[/tex]
\end{tabular} \\
\hline C & \begin{tabular}{l}
Rolf added 65 g of solute to 100 g \\
of water, mixed the solution, and \\
then heated the solution.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
The solute in solution C has a \\
solubility of [tex]$32 g / 100 g H_2O$[/tex] at [tex]$20^{\circ} C$[/tex]
\end{tabular} \\
\hline D & \begin{tabular}{l}
Rolf added 7 g of solute to 100 g \\
of water, mixed the solution, and \\
then heated the solution.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
The solute in solution D has a \\
solubility of [tex]$4 g / 100 g H_2O$[/tex] at [tex]$20^{\circ} C$[/tex]
\end{tabular} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Which solution is unsaturated?

Sagot :

GinnyAnswer
To determine which solutions are unsaturated, we need to compare the amounts of solute added to the water with the solubility limits at [tex]\(20^\circ C\)[/tex].

1. Solution A:
- Amount of solute added: 20 g
- Solubility of the solute: [tex]\(37\)[/tex] g per [tex]\(100\)[/tex] g of water
- Since [tex]\(20\)[/tex] g is less than [tex]\(37\)[/tex] g, the solution A is unsaturated.

2. Solution B:
- Amount of solute added: 10 g
- Solubility of the solute: [tex]\(10\)[/tex] g per [tex]\(100\)[/tex] g of water
- Since [tex]\(10\)[/tex] g is equal to the solubility limit of [tex]\(10\)[/tex] g, solution B is at saturation point, not unsaturated.

3. Solution C:
- Amount of solute added: 65 g
- Solubility of the solute: [tex]\(32\)[/tex] g per [tex]\(100\)[/tex] g of water
- Since [tex]\(65\)[/tex] g is greater than [tex]\(32\)[/tex] g, solution C is saturated (or possibly supersaturated if it was heated to dissolve more initially), and therefore not unsaturated.

4. Solution D:
- Amount of solute added: 7 g
- Solubility of the solute: [tex]\(4\)[/tex] g per [tex]\(100\)[/tex] g of water
- Since [tex]\(7\)[/tex] g is greater than [tex]\(4\)[/tex] g, solution D is saturated (or possibly supersaturated if it was heated to dissolve more initially), and therefore not unsaturated.

Based on the above comparisons:

- Solution A is unsaturated.

Hence, the only unsaturated solution is Solution A.
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