Sure, let's address each question step-by-step.
### Question 5
Dehydration of [tex]\( CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH \)[/tex] gives:
1. Identify the given compound:
The given compound is [tex]\( CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH \)[/tex], which is butanol (specifically 1-butanol).
2. Concept of dehydration:
Dehydration of an alcohol involves removing a molecule of water (H₂O). This generally leads to the formation of an alkene.
3. Structure of the starting molecule:
[tex]\( CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH \)[/tex] can be rewritten to make visualization of possible products easier.
4. Mechanism of dehydration:
The hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom from an adjacent carbon atom are removed to form a double bond.
5. Identify the possible products based on the location of hydrogen:
There are two adjacent hydrogens: one on the carbon attached to -OH (alpha carbon) and one on the next carbon (beta carbon).
In this case:
- Removing H from the alpha carbon gives [tex]\( CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3 \)[/tex] (1-butene).
- Removing H from the beta carbon gives [tex]\( CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3 \)[/tex] (2-butene).
Given the context and the usual primary pathway for such dehydrations, the likely major product is [tex]\( CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3 \)[/tex] (1-butene).
Correct answer: A. [tex]\( CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3 \)[/tex]
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### Question 6
The general formula of alkanols is represented as:
1. Understand alkanols:
Alkanols are alcohols derived from alkanes by replacing one hydrogen atom with a hydroxyl group (OH).
2. General formula for alcohols:
- Start with the general formula for alkanes: [tex]\( C_nH_{2n+2} \)[/tex].
- Replace one hydrogen atom with OH.
3. Derivation:
- Starting with [tex]\( C_nH_{2n+2} \)[/tex].
- Replacing one H with OH doesn't change the number of carbon atoms, but adjusts the number of H atoms:
[tex]\[
\text{Initial alkane: } C_nH_{2n+2}
\][/tex]
[tex]\[
\text{Atom replaced: } H_{2n+2-1} + OH = H_{2n+1}OH
\][/tex]
Correct answer: B. [tex]\( C_nH_{2n+1}OH \)[/tex]
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To summarize:
5. The dehydration of [tex]\( CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH \)[/tex] gives: A. [tex]\( CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3 \)[/tex]
6. The general formula of alkanols is represented as: B. [tex]\( C_nH_{2n+1}OH \)[/tex]
