To determine the IUPAC name for the given alkane, follow these detailed steps:
### Step 1: Identify the Longest Continuous Carbon Chain
Identify the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the structure. This chain defines the base name of the alkane.
In the given structure:
[tex]\[ CH_3-CH-CH-CH_2-CH_3 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ CH_2-CH_3 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \frac{1}{C} H_3\][/tex]
It appears the longest chain contains 5 carbon atoms, which corresponds to the parent chain name "pentane".
### Step 2: Number the Carbon Chain
Number the carbon atoms in the longest chain starting from the end closest to the substituent(s).
Let's number the chain:
[tex]\[ CH_3-CH-CH-CH_2-CH_3 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ | | | | \| \| \| \| \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 1 2 3 4 5 \][/tex]\]
### Step 3: Identify and Number the Substituents
Identify the substituents attached to the main carbon chain and assign them a number based on their position on the chain. We have to correctly identify the substituents and their positions.
From the structure:
- There's a methyl group (CH₃) on carbon atom 3.
- There's an ethyl group (CH₂-CH₃) on carbon atom 4.
So, the substituents are:
- Ethyl group at C-4
- Methyl group at C-3
### Step 4: Combine the Name
Combine the names of the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the base name of the longest carbon chain. Use hyphens to separate numbers from words and commas to separate numbers from each other.
Substituents in alphabetical order (ethyl before methyl):
- Ethyl at position 4
- Methyl at position 3
Thus, the correct IUPAC name combines all these elements:
[tex]\[ 4-\text{ethyl-3-methylpentane}\][/tex]
### Conclusion
The correct IUPAC name for the given alkane is: 4-ethyl-3-methylpentane.
