Explore Westonci.ca, the premier Q&A site that helps you find precise answers to your questions, no matter the topic. Experience the ease of finding precise answers to your questions from a knowledgeable community of experts. Get immediate and reliable solutions to your questions from a community of experienced professionals on our platform.
Sagot :
To determine for which reactions the enthalpy change of formation, [tex]\(\Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex], is equal to the enthalpy change of reaction, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ}\)[/tex], we need to check which reactions are formation reactions. A formation reaction is defined as the formation of one mole of a compound from its elements in their standard states.
Here are the reactions:
1. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
2. [tex]\( \mathrm{2 H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2 H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
3. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(l) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
4. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O_2(g) \rightarrow \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) + H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
5. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
6. [tex]\( \mathrm{2 Li (s) + Cl_2(g) \rightarrow 2 LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
Step-by-step analysis of each reaction:
1. [tex]\(\mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms one mole of lithium chloride ([tex]\( \mathrm{LiCl} \)[/tex]) from its elements in their standard states (solid lithium and chlorine gas).
- This is a formation reaction. So, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] for this reaction.
2. [tex]\(\mathrm{2 H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2 H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms two moles of water ([tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O} \)[/tex]), not one mole.
- This is not a standard formation reaction. Therefore, for this reaction, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
3. [tex]\(\mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(l) \rightarrow LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction involves chlorine in its liquid state, not its standard gaseous state.
- This is not strictly a standard formation reaction. Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
4. [tex]\(\mathrm{H_2O_2(g) \rightarrow \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) + H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction is a decomposition reaction, not a formation reaction.
- Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
5. [tex]\(\mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms one mole of water ([tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O} \)[/tex]) from its elements in their standard states (hydrogen gas and oxygen gas).
- This is a formation reaction. So, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] for this reaction.
6. [tex]\(\mathrm{2 Li (s) + Cl_2(g) \rightarrow 2 LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms two moles of lithium chloride ([tex]\( \mathrm{LiCl} \)[/tex]), not one mole.
- This is not a standard formation reaction. Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
From our analysis, the reactions where [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] of the product(s) are:
1. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
5. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
Therefore, the correct answers are reactions 1 and 5: [tex]\([1, 5]\)[/tex].
Here are the reactions:
1. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
2. [tex]\( \mathrm{2 H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2 H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
3. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(l) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
4. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O_2(g) \rightarrow \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) + H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
5. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
6. [tex]\( \mathrm{2 Li (s) + Cl_2(g) \rightarrow 2 LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
Step-by-step analysis of each reaction:
1. [tex]\(\mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms one mole of lithium chloride ([tex]\( \mathrm{LiCl} \)[/tex]) from its elements in their standard states (solid lithium and chlorine gas).
- This is a formation reaction. So, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] for this reaction.
2. [tex]\(\mathrm{2 H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2 H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms two moles of water ([tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O} \)[/tex]), not one mole.
- This is not a standard formation reaction. Therefore, for this reaction, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
3. [tex]\(\mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(l) \rightarrow LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction involves chlorine in its liquid state, not its standard gaseous state.
- This is not strictly a standard formation reaction. Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
4. [tex]\(\mathrm{H_2O_2(g) \rightarrow \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) + H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction is a decomposition reaction, not a formation reaction.
- Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
5. [tex]\(\mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms one mole of water ([tex]\( \mathrm{H_2O} \)[/tex]) from its elements in their standard states (hydrogen gas and oxygen gas).
- This is a formation reaction. So, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] for this reaction.
6. [tex]\(\mathrm{2 Li (s) + Cl_2(g) \rightarrow 2 LiCl (s)}\)[/tex]
- This reaction forms two moles of lithium chloride ([tex]\( \mathrm{LiCl} \)[/tex]), not one mole.
- This is not a standard formation reaction. Therefore, [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} \neq \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex].
From our analysis, the reactions where [tex]\(\Delta H_{rm}^{\circ} = \Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\)[/tex] of the product(s) are:
1. [tex]\( \mathrm{Li (s) + \frac{1}{2} Cl_2(g) \rightarrow LiCl (s)} \)[/tex]
5. [tex]\( \mathrm{H_2(g) + \frac{1}{2} O_2(g) \rightarrow H_2O (g)} \)[/tex]
Therefore, the correct answers are reactions 1 and 5: [tex]\([1, 5]\)[/tex].
We hope this was helpful. Please come back whenever you need more information or answers to your queries. We appreciate your time. Please come back anytime for the latest information and answers to your questions. Westonci.ca is your trusted source for answers. Visit us again to find more information on diverse topics.