To understand the differences between the proteins created from the mRNA sequences "AUGAUAGUGUAG" and "AUGAUAGUGUAC", we first need to translate these sequences into their corresponding amino acids using the genetic code provided. Let's break down each sequence into its codons (groups of three nucleotides), then translate each codon.
### Sequence 1: "AUGAUAGUGUAG"
1. First codon: AUG
- AUG translates to Methionine and also serves as the start codon.
- Protein sequence starts with Methionine.
2. Second codon: AUA
- AUA translates to Isoleucine.
- Protein sequence continues with Isoleucine.
3. Third codon: GUG
- GUG translates to Valine.
- Sequence extends with Valine.
4. Fourth codon: UAG
- UAG is a stop codon.
- Translation stops here.
Thus, the protein created from "AUGAUAGUGUAG" is:
[tex]\[ \text{Methionine - Isoleucine - Valine} \][/tex]
### Sequence 2: "AUGAUAGUGUAC"
1. First codon: AUG
- AUG translates to Methionine and also serves as the start codon.
- Protein sequence starts with Methionine.
2. Second codon: AUA
- AUA translates to Isoleucine.
- Protein sequence continues with Isoleucine.
3. Third codon: GUG
- GUG translates to Valine.
- Sequence extends with Valine.
4. Fourth codon: UAC
- UAC translates to Tyrosine.
- Sequence extends with Tyrosine.
Thus, the protein created from "AUGAUAGUGUAC" is:
[tex]\[ \text{Methionine - Isoleucine - Valine - Tyrosine} \][/tex]
### Comparison
- The protein from "AUGAUAGUGUAG" consists of three amino acids: Methionine, Isoleucine, and Valine.
- The protein from "AUGAUAGUGUAC" consists of four amino acids: Methionine, Isoleucine, Valine, and Tyrosine.
In summary, the difference lies in the fact that the first sequence terminates translation earlier due to the presence of a stop codon (UAG), resulting in a shorter protein. The second sequence does not encounter a stop codon in the observed region, leading to an additional Tyrosine residue in the protein chain.
