To determine the noble gas notation for chlorine, let's proceed step by step through the given options.
1. Understanding Electron Configuration:
Chlorine has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17 electrons. We need to distribute these electrons in order to determine its electron configuration.
2. Electron Configuration Notation:
The electron configuration for an element shows the distribution of electrons among the different orbitals, typically noted in the sequence of increasing energy levels. For chlorine:
- The first two electrons will fill the 1s orbital: [tex]\( 1s^2 \)[/tex]
- The next two electrons will fill the 2s orbital: [tex]\( 2s^2 \)[/tex]
- The next six electrons will fill the 2p orbitals: [tex]\( 2p^6 \)[/tex]
- This uses up 10 electrons, leaving 7 more to be placed.
- The next two electrons will fill the 3s orbital: [tex]\( 3s^2 \)[/tex]
- The remaining five electrons will fill the 3p orbitals: [tex]\( 3p^5 \)[/tex]
3. Noble Gas Notation:
Noble gas notation is a shorthand form of electron configuration. It starts with the symbol of the noble gas in the previous period, followed by the rest of the configuration. For chlorine, the previous noble gas is neon (Ne), which has the electron configuration [tex]\( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 \)[/tex]. This covers the first 10 electrons.
4. Constructing Noble Gas Notation for Chlorine:
Putting it together, starting from neon's configuration and then adding the remaining electrons for chlorine:
[tex]\[ [Ne] 3s^2 3p^5 \][/tex]
Now, let's analyze the provided options to find the match:
- Option 1: [tex]\( [Ne] 4s^2 4p^5 \)[/tex]
- This configuration is incorrect because it skips the 3s and 3p levels and starts filling the 4s and 4p orbitals, which does not correspond to the electron configuration of chlorine.
- Option 2: [tex]\( [Ne] 3s^2 3p^5 \)[/tex]
- This configuration correctly reflects the electron configuration of chlorine, filling the 3s and 3p orbitals after the neon core.
- Option 3: [tex]\( [Ne] 3s^2 3p^3 \)[/tex]
- This configuration is incorrect because it suggests only three electrons in the 3p orbitals, while chlorine should have five.
- Option 4: [tex]\( [Ne] 3p^2 3p^5 \)[/tex]
- This configuration is incorrect and nonsensical because it implies using the wrong subshells and repeating the 3p level incorrectly.
Conclusion:
The correct noble gas notation for chlorine, given the options, is [tex]\( [ Ne ] 3 s^2 3 p^5 \)[/tex].
