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A set of test scores is normally distributed with a mean of 90 and a standard deviation of 15. Use the 68-95-99.7 rule to find the percentage of scores in each of the following categories.

a. Greater than 90
b. Greater than 105
c. Less than 75
d. Less than 120
e. Less than 60
f. Less than 105
g. Greater than 75
h. Between 75 and 105

a. The percentage of scores greater than 90 is _____%.
(Round to one decimal place as needed.)

Sagot :

Let's solve each of the given parts step-by-step using the properties of the normal distribution.

Given:
- Mean (μ) = 90
- Standard Deviation (σ) = 15

### a. Greater than 90
The mean of the distribution is 90. As per the properties of a normal distribution, 50% of the values lie above the mean.
- The percentage of scores greater than 90 is 50%.

### c. Less than 75
To find the percentage of scores less than 75, we calculate the Z-score for 75:
[tex]\[ Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{75 - 90}{15} = -1 \][/tex]
A Z-score of -1 corresponds to the lower 15.9% of the distribution.
- The percentage of scores less than 75 is 15.9%.

### e. Less than 60
To find the percentage of scores less than 60, we calculate the Z-score for 60:
[tex]\[ Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{60 - 90}{15} = -2 \][/tex]
A Z-score of -2 corresponds to the lower 2.3% of the distribution.
- The percentage of scores less than 60 is 2.3%.

### g. Greater than 75
Using the result from part c, we know that 15.9% of the distribution is less than 75.
To find the percentage greater than 75:
[tex]\[ \text{Percentage greater than 75} = 100\% - 15.9\% = 84.1\% \][/tex]
- The percentage of scores greater than 75 is 84.1%.

### b. Greater than 105
To find the percentage of scores greater than 105, we calculate the Z-score for 105:
[tex]\[ Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{105 - 90}{15} = 1 \][/tex]
A Z-score of 1 means that 84.1% of the values lie below 105, so:
[tex]\[ \text{Percentage greater than 105} = 100\% - 84.1\% = 15.9\% \][/tex]
- The percentage of scores greater than 105 is 15.9%.

### d. Less than 120
To find the percentage of scores less than 120, we calculate the Z-score for 120:
[tex]\[ Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{120 - 90}{15} = 2 \][/tex]
A Z-score of 2 corresponds to the lower 97.7% of the distribution.
- The percentage of scores less than 120 is 97.7%.

### f. Less than 105
To find the percentage of scores less than 105, we use the Z-score of 1 (as previously calculated for part b).
A Z-score of 1 corresponds to the lower 84.1% of the distribution.
- The percentage of scores less than 105 is 84.1%.

### h. Between 75 and 105
From part c, we know that the percentage of scores less than 75 is 15.9%.
From part f, we know that the percentage of scores less than 105 is 84.1%.
[tex]\[ \text{Percentage between 75 and 105} = 84.1\% - 15.9\% = 68.3\% \][/tex]
- The percentage of scores between 75 and 105 is 68.3%.

### Final Summary
a. The percentage of scores greater than 90 is 50.0%.
c. The percentage of scores less than 75 is 15.9%.
e. The percentage of scores less than 60 is 2.3%.
g. The percentage of scores greater than 75 is 84.1%.
b. The percentage of scores greater than 105 is 15.9%.
d. The percentage of scores less than 120 is 97.7%.
f. The percentage of scores less than 105 is 84.1%.
h. The percentage of scores between 75 and 105 is 68.3%.