Final answer:
The rational weighing of the costs and benefits in public policy is called the rational actor model, which aims to maximize net benefits to society. It involves cost-benefit analysis to determine the optimal policy choice based on societal values and net benefits. Rational decision-making involves choosing actions when perceived benefits exceed costs.
Explanation:
The rational weighing of the costs and benefits of participating by a citizen is called the rational actor model. In public policy, this approach aims to maximize net benefits to society by evaluating policy alternatives based on societal values and selecting the optimal choice.
This concept is closely related to the cost-benefit analysis method, which quantifies costs and benefits to determine the net benefit of a policy alternative.
When facing a decision, a rational individual will choose an action if the value of the perceived benefit exceeds the value of the perceived cost; otherwise, they will not choose the action.
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