To determine which substances will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C, let's look at the freezing points of the four substances provided in the table:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{|l|c|}
\hline
\text{Substance} & \text{Freezing point} \left( {}^{\circ} \text{C} \right) \\
\hline
\text{benzene} & 5.50 \\
\hline
\text{water} & 0.00 \\
\hline
\text{butane} & -138 \\
\hline
\text{nitrogen} & -210 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\][/tex]
We need to identify which substances have freezing points below 0°C, as these are the temperatures at which the substances will solidify before reaching 0°C.
### Step-by-Step Analysis:
1. Benzene:
- Freezing point: 5.50°C
- Since 5.50°C is above 0°C, benzene will not solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C.
2. Water:
- Freezing point: 0.00°C
- Since 0.00°C is exactly at 0°C, water will not solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C.
3. Butane:
- Freezing point: -138°C
- Since -138°C is below 0°C, butane will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C.
4. Nitrogen:
- Freezing point: -210°C
- Since -210°C is below 0°C, nitrogen will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C.
### Conclusion:
The substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C are:
- Butane
- Nitrogen
Therefore, the final answer is:
[tex]\[ \text{Substances that will solidify before 0°C: Butane and Nitrogen} \][/tex]
